Spatial Self-Phase Modulation in Graphene-Oxide Monolayer

The spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) of the optical field revealed magnitude and polarity nonlinear refraction coefficients graphene-oxide (GO) atomic layers in an aqueous base solution with a resonant excitation using chopped quasi-static laser at 532 nm. SSPM as result intrinsic coefficient GO distribution intensity displayed concentric diffraction rings far due to coherent superposition transverse wave vectors. number function applied which was estimated be ~–6.65 × 10−12 m2/W for laser-excitation duration ~0.32 s, where negative confirmed interference image profile SSPM. upper vertical distortion longer ~0.8 s indicates vectors localized thermal vortex that offers novel platforms metrology based on nonlinearity temperature-sensitive all-optical switching.